In groups of 3-4 people, the participants describe a case of a real or an imaginary school conflict. In every case, the participants need to explain the reasons behind the conflict and its consequences. The following questions are given to facilitate the groups:

If groups find it difficult to develop their cases the facilitator can give the following example:

The teams return to the circle and present their cases. The discussion focuses on the issues that arise from a conflict when it is expressed in violent ways of any kind.

• What are the feelings of the groups involved in the conflict as well as of the observers?
• What is the environment developed in the school?
• Can we say that in such an environment the human rights of all are respected?
• Who can act to change this situation?

After the discussion, participants return to their small groups and discuss solutions. Solutions that can be achieved individually or collectively, at the level of the school community, but also by local authorities, civil society organisations, the media etc. The solutions are presented in a plenary session by the groups.

The facilitator can then bring to the group examples of effective ways of conflict resolution based on democratic and collective actions that are designed and implemented at the school level with the active contribution of students. These may include participatory sports and educational programmes, student campaigns, intercultural festivals of music, food, etc., activities involving parents, guardians, teachers and students, and other actions that provide peaceful solutions and promote human rights and inclusion.